Iqta system during sultanate period pdf

Under the sultanate period no other religion except islam was recognized by the state. The rise of the new kingdoms and the decline of the delhi sultanate the causes that led to the rise and fall of the sultanate. May 09, 2020 very short question answers the delhi sultans class 7 notes edurev is made by best teachers of class 7. Sep 30, 2016 iqta system and mukti the ghurid conquest of north india heralding the establishment of the delhi sultanate also marked a new process of centralization. It was a period which saw the systematization of agrarian exploitation and concentration of resources. Initially, iqta was a revenueyielding piece of land which was assigned in lieu of salary. Nov 16, 2018 the revenue system of delhi sultanate was based on the theory of taxation as propounded by the hanafi school of thought, which prescribed the levy of taxes i. Only main points from the chapters are compiled below. The principle of hereditary iqta was completely rejected by balban. Classvii history teachers manual unit iii the delhi sultanate 4 scope this unit would emphasize that history is a critical discipline, a process of enquiry into the past.

Chapter five creation of an administrative structure. Hindu rajahs, who wanted to throw off the muslim yoke. Iqtadari system did not confer any ownership in land and it was subject to transfer. Qutubuddin aibak was the first sultan and ibrahim lodi, the last sultan. Very short question answers the delhi sultans class 7. During iltutmishs reign, the city of delhi emerged as. This article gives you information on the land revenue system of sultanate period, india. It was a unique type of land distribution and administrative system evolved during the delh sultanate. The delhi sultans built many cities in the area that we now know as delhi. The new system served as the basis for coinage for much of the sultanate period and even beyond, though periodic shortages of silver caused further debasement. Aybaks accidental death during a game of polo in 1210 ended a promising career, but his role as lieutenant during mucizz aldns life, and later as his successor, entitles him to an important place in the formative history of the delhi sultanate. After a period of imperialism, the sultanates power began to decline after the timurid invasions and was later subsumed into the mughal empire. Under the system, the whole empire was divided into several large and small tracts of land, called the iqtas, which were assigned to nobles, officers and soldiers for the purpose of administration and revenue collection. Class 11 th history government of the delhi sultanate.

The holders of these tracts were called as walis or muqtis. By the end of the th century there was no smaller administrative unit than iqta. During iltutmishs reign, the city of delhi emerged as the centre of islamic power and culture in india. Iqta system was first introduced by illtutmish in the delhi sultanate. Slave dynasty or mamluk dynasty the slave dynasty was also called mamluk dynasty. The term used for measurement of land in the sultanate period was masahat. The iqtadari was a unique type of land distribution and administrative system evolved during the sultanate period.

Dec 05, 2019 society during the sultanate period was divided into four major groups. The delhi sultanate was the first islamic state to be established in india. The turks introduced arabic and persian architectural styles. Initially the delhi sultans had divided their empire into several iqtas or provinces or spheres of influence and put them under the charge of officers called iqtadars governors. It involved varying kinds of control in terms of territories. Thus during the medieval period the bhakti movement brought about tremendous changes in the social and cultural sphere of india. Oct 31, 2018 during lodi period of the delhi sultanate the afghan concept of equality became important when the sultan was accepted as first among equals. The history of the delhi sultanate shows that the death of the monarch was usually followed by a period of uncertainty. The new rulers brought with them the iqta system that combined the two functions of revenue. Besides, there were other taxes which the peasants had to pay beside the landrevenue and that certainly meant extra burden on them. This document is highly rated by upsc students and has been viewed 5744 times. Which crops were not cultivated in india during the sultanate period. The assessment of revenue without the measurement of land could not be just to the peasants.

Delhi sultanate slave dynasty medieval india history part 1 for ssc, psc,upsc duration. History part 19 19 the sultanate period the sultanate period. Sultanate in the beginning of the thirteenth century. Iltumish completed the construction of qutub minar. During the sultanate period,the land was distributed to the lords as iqtas with the authority to collect taxes. The iqta system has been called the central pillar of the administrative system of the sultanate of delhi because. Mar 08, 2019 during the period of nasiruddin mohammed tughluq he invaded india. The lord who had the responsibility of the iqtas was known as the muqti or wali. These points might come quite handy during preparation of prelims and mains, to get a quick grasp of the subject.

He initiated the iqta system in which lands were granted to nobles and his. Oct 10, 2015 the iqta system was provided institutional status by iltutmish and later this system became the mainstay of the sultanate administration under slave dynasty. Northwest frontier problem mongol invasions and its impact. Iqta system during delhi sultanate iqtadars iltutmish. The iqta system provided an agrarian system to the country while the members of the ruling class attained income without any permanent attachment to any territory. Icse solutions for class 7 history and civics government. The sultans of delhi sultanate like balban, iltutmish, allauddin khilji etc effectively used the iqtadari system for their centralization of power. During the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries, the sultanate was the principal bastion of islam in the subcontinent. Inevitably, the iqtaholders tried to conceal the real income from the iqtas. It was very close to the original form of iqta as its main function was only to collect taxes by muqtisiqtedars in india. If realization from an iqta fell short of the amount granted the deficit from the central government, according to law. The revenue system of delhi sultanate was based on the theory of taxation as propounded by the hanafi school of thought, which prescribed the levy of. Nov 28, 2009 social conditions during the rule of the delhi sultans, the muslim n was a powerful political force. The establishment of delhi sultanate marks an important.

First sultan to put forward his views about kingship according to which the king was the shadow of god title nvabatikhudui and inscribed zillah on coins. This document is highly rated by class 7 students and has been viewed 5899 times. The iqtadari was a unique type of land distribution and administrative system evolved during the sultanate perod. It would help the students to analyze the evolution and establishment of the sultanate in delhi. In this system, land was granted to turkish nobles in lieu of salary. Economic condition during the delhi sultanate syskool.

The sultans of delhi ebook editions, general knowledge, pdf. During the saljuq period, the iqta system was carefully regularized. The reference material for this post is ncert history text for class 7 our past 1. Their nayankara system was much close to the iqta system which assured regular and large amount of income for the empire.

Gk questions with answers on revenue system under delhi sultanate. Sep 25, 2019 the iqtadari system witnessed numerous changes during the sultanate period. Central administration and iqta system during sultanate period. The prominent orientalist claude cahen described the iqta as follows. Jul 17, 2018 so it can fairly be ascertained that although state, during the delhi sultanate period, did not appropriate a comprehensive economic policy with the object of promoting the material condition of the people in general, yet the volume of trade, both internal and external, carried out by the people of the country, was enormous.

Iqta system delhi sultanate medieval history history optional. Delhi sultanate, principal muslim power in north india from the th to the 16th century, enabled by the campaigns of the ghurid dynasty and made independent by iltutmish. He organized the iqta system and introduced reforms in civil administration and army, which was now centrally paid and recruited. The delhi sultans divided their kingdom into a number of units known as iqtas. The ghurid conquest of north india heralding the establishment of the delhi sultanate also marked a new process of centralization. Muhammad of ghur was the first to introduce the iqta system in india, but it was lltutrnish who gave it an institutional form. As long as the state was powerful, the iqtaholders were kept under control. In this article on medieval india, we plan to cover the delhi sultanate. Iqta means revenue assignment of a particular area in lieu of cash salary. It is generally accepted that the iqta system was established at the end of the abbasid period and got consolidated during the seljuk period. During the ilbari turks iqtas were territorial areas or rights whose revenues were assigned to officials in lieu of salaries. The heavy land tax was also another similarity with the sultanate.

Sayyid dynasty 14141451 khizr khan 141421 khizr khan was the founder of sayyid dynasty. This religious assimilation led to the growth of the worship of satyapir cult during the period of sultan hussain shah of bengal. Hp lecturer syllabus 2020 download pdf hppsc lecturer exam. Gk questions with answers on revenue system under delhi.

The iqtadari system did not confer any ownership in land and it was subject to transfer. After a period of imperialism, the sultanate s power began to decline after the timurid invasions and was later subsumed into the mughal empire. What was the iqta system social science the delhi sultans. In the seljuk empire, the move toward the iqta system was facilitated by the. There were 3 main purposes of the iqtadari system and 4 main types. New musical instruments such as the tabla, sitar and sarangi were developed during the sultanate period. Initially, iqta was a revenueyielding piece of land, which was assigned in lieu of salary. Role of mansabdari and jagirdari system during mughal empire. The term ulema refers to the religious intellectual group of muslims.

Financial system of delhi sultanate the financial system was an important part of the administration of the delhi sultanate. He organised the chalisa or the famous turkish forty to help him in the administration. In 98 timur, he captured delhi and caused annihilation by pillaging and slaughtering people. Iqta system delhi sultanate medieval history history. Shamsa uddin iltutmish established the iqta system based on mohammad goris ideas. In this way the nobles enjoyed almost equal status with the sultan. India during the sultanate period your article library. The muslim nobility period was not homogeneous in character, but coml of various nationalities such as turk, afghan, abyssl egyptian and arab. Provincial kingdoms vigayanagar, bahamani and jaunpur polity and cultural contribution. In the absence of a law of succession, intrigues, civil war and violence. The iqta system,revenue and administration the delhi. In a broadranging, accessible narrative, peter jackson traces the history of the sultanate from its foundation in 1210 to its demise in 1400 at the sack of delhi by the central asian conqueror, tamerlane. Ghiyasuddin tughlaq differentiated between the allotment of the revenues within an iqta for the personal income of the muqta, and that for the payment of salaries to the troops placed under his. Rlees of some commodties as mentioned in contemporary.

During the sulatanate period the chief minister was known as answer choices. To understand the central administration of the sultanate period. History notes for iqtadari system of delhi sultanate administration. This lecture explains about iqta system during sultanate period. With the defeat of ibrahim lodi at the hands of babur in 1526, came the end of the delhi sultanate. You can relate iqta to todays tax system a form of administrative grant actually iqta system was started by a ruler of slave dynasty named qutbud din aibak. Social conditions during the rule of the delhi sultans, the muslim n was a powerful political force. Each iqta was headed by a millatry leader known as mukti. Apr, 2020 delhi sultanate, principal muslim power in north india from the th to the 16th century, enabled by the campaigns of the ghurid dynasty and made independent by iltutmish. Take a look at table 1 again and identify the five dynasties that together made the delhi sultanate. Under weak rulers power and ambitions rose high and even threatene stability of the government. This period witnessed many dynasties and various rulers. Initially, iqta was a revenueyielding piece of land which was assigned in lieu of. The iqtadari system witnessed numerous changes during the sultanate period.

The land grants also became hereditary and thus iqta system was reorganized by balban. They had no other right to the subjects apart from the taxes as long as taxes were paid. Qazis administered justice according to the islamic law, in cases that involved muslims amir khusrau was a famous perisan poet who invented the indian sitar qawwali is the persian style of chorus singing which was popularized by sufi saints kathak is a dance form which originated during the sultanate period. Sultans of delhi sultanate like balban,iltutmish,allauddin khilji etc effectively used the iqtadari system for their centralization of power. Out of the taxes collected,the surplus after meeting the expenses of the army authority was only for collecting taxes. A study of state during the sultanate period will reveal certain specific features which are described below. May 11, 2020 the iqta system,revenue and administration the delhi sultanate, history, upsc upsc notes edurev is made by best teachers of upsc. Iqtadari system, iqta system, iqta system during sultanate.

Administrative structure under the delhi sultanate mitras ias. Look at map 1 and locate dehlii kuhna, siri and jahanpanah. In fact, three dynasties were established during this period. For the purpose of administration and revenue collection, the state was parceled out into tracts called iqtas under iqtadars on muqtis. After that iqtas were divided into smaller units called shiqqs, which were put under shiqqdars. The term iqtadari system was coined by nizamul mulk to maintain smooth administration of the abbassid empire. During the later period of aurangzebs reign, there arose a crisis in jagirdari system and this in turn led to a crisis in the mughal empire. The delhi sultanate lasted in india from 1206 to 1526 ad. Pdf on jan 1, 2011, adibah sulaiman and others published some notes on the iqta system in mamluk period find, read and cite all the research you need on researchgate. Iqta system under iqta system, the land of the empire was divided into several large and small tracts called iqta and assigned these iqtas to his soldiers, officers and nobles. Intermingling of hindus and muslims brought a linguistic synthesis. We also come across the term zamindars besides mansabdars and jagirdars in the official mughal records.

Iqta is an arabic word denoting a sort of administrative regional unit. However, during firuz shah tughlaqs reign, in the year 51 a. During the abbasid period an elaborate administrative system was established. In the mughal period, the term was used in a very wide sense. The administrative system under delhi sultanate syskool. The iqta system,revenue and administration the delhi sultanate, history, upsc. Administrative structure under the delhi sultanate. Classvii history students manual unit iii the delhi sultanate 2 introduction delhis history begins with the onset of the delhi sultanate in the 12th century. Karasimha detects a heavy increase in taxation in the tamil. Oct 16, 2003 the delhi sultanate was the first islamic state to be established in india. Brief notes on the land revenue system of sultanate period. The iqta system was provided institutional status by iltutmish and later this system became the mainstay of the sultanate administration under slave dynasty. The revenue system during the period of delhi sultanate suffered from certain defects. Nov 28, 2009 muhammad of ghur was the first to introduce the iqta system in india, but it was lltutrnish who gave it an institutional form.